Chemo Brain

Women who have faced a breast cancer diagnosis often have the question, “Is what I’m experiencing normal?” While everyone’s experience is unique, this question can surface weeks, months, or even years beyond an initial diagnosis. Darla Coss, Occupational Therapist, shares with us excellent insight into what is commonly referred to as “chemo brain” and reminds us that there is help available.

Thank you, Darla, for sharing your knowledge!

Feeling Foggy? There is help to think clearly. 

Cancer and its treatments can have lasting effects on a person’s body and mind. One common concern is termed “mild cognitive impairment” (MCI). Some people may have heard this labeled “chemo brain”, although individuals never treated with chemotherapy can have cognitive challenges following a cancer diagnosis, as well. Problems with thinking clearly, multitasking, processing, short term memory, word finding, and experiencing a foggy brain in general often leave survivors wondering what is wrong with them, and if this is the way life will be from now on.

The exact cause of MCI is unknown. It has been reported as a cancer-related issue for decades, although those living with cancer continue to struggle for recognition that this is a potentially devastating problem. MCI may be linked to those treated with chemotherapy, especially those who have had more extensive or aggressive types of chemo treatments, although additional causes related to a cancer diagnosis are likely. Not surprisingly, hormonal changes, sleep issues, depression, anxiety, stress, lack of exercise, poor nutrition, and pain medications are also thought to contribute to the problem.

Recognizing the challenges, ruling out any other medical issues, and taking steps to improve quality of life with cognitive impairment is important. Survivors can feel relief knowing that there is help. Occupational therapists (OTs) help people with MCI return to the things they need and want to do in life, with solutions tailored to individual needs. OTs can help individuals manage life with cognitive loss through environmental strategies and compensatory techniques (modifying the environment, using high or low tech cues, strategizing and organizing for individual success) and can help restore cognitive abilities with brain training activities. Meeting with an occupational therapist for an evaluation does require an order from a physician, and is typically covered by medical insurance. Treatment for MCI with an OT involves an evaluation and a comprehensive plan based on evaluation results, goals for treatment, and the individual’s roles, routines, and life habits. The OT and the individual then work as a team to devise a plan, implement strategies and techniques, and review progress, usually over a period of 4-8 sessions.

Although there are no easy answers or cures for MCI, help is available! Many individuals struggle for months before seeking treatment, and may struggle for much longer if health care professionals do not provide recommendations to ease the impact MCI has on one’s life. Be an advocate for yourself and talk to your health care team if you have concerns; someone on your team can then recommend an OT for you. Seeking help for this issue can lead to a greatly improved quality of life and a return to activities you want and need to do, like work, family, household, and leisure activities, and a happier, healthier you!

Darla Coss is an occupational therapist with 20 years of experience helping people get back to life after injury, illness, and disease. She has specialized in oncology rehabilitation for the past five years, and received her Doctor of Occupational Therapy (OTD) in May, 2016. Darla is an Assistant Professor at St. Catherine University and can be reached at dccoss@stkate.edu.